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Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2001) - Marshall Islands (2006)

Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2001) z Marshall Islands (2006)

 Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2001)Marshall Islands (2006)
 Saint Pierre and MiquelonMarshall Islands
Administrative divisions none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions approved by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon 33 municipalities; Ailinginae, Ailinglaplap, Ailuk, Arno, Aur, Bikar, Bikini, Bokak, Ebon, Enewetak, Erikub, Jabat, Jaluit, Jemo, Kili, Kwajalein, Lae, Lib, Likiep, Majuro, Maloelap, Mejit, Mili, Namorik, Namu, Rongelap, Rongrik, Toke, Ujae, Ujelang, Utirik, Wotho, Wotje
Age structure 0-14 years:
25.85% (male 917; female 874)

15-64 years:
64.22% (male 2,273; female 2,176)

65 years and over:
9.93% (male 291; female 397) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 38.1% (male 11,720/female 11,295)


15-64 years: 59.2% (male 18,305/female 17,445)


65 years and over: 2.7% (male 801/female 856) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish coconuts, tomatoes, melons, taro, breadfruit, fruits; pigs, chickens
Airports 2 (2000 est.) 15 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 11


914 to 1,523 m: 10


under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area total:
242 sq km

land:
242 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
total: 11,854.3 sq km


land: 181.3 sq km


water: 11,673 sq km (note - lagoon waters)


note: includes the atolls of Bikini, Enewetak, Kwajalein, Majuro, Rongelap, and Utirik
Area - comparative 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC about the size of Washington, DC
Background First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions. After almost four decades under US administration as the easternmost part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, the Marshall Islands attained independence in 1986 under a Compact of Free Association. Compensation claims continue as a result of US nuclear testing on some of the atolls between 1947 and 1962. The Marshall Islands hosts the US Army Kwajalein Atoll (USAKA) Reagan Missile Test Site, a key installation in the US missile defense network.
Birth rate 15.88 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 33.05 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget revenues:
$70 million

expenditures:
$60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)
revenues: $42 million


expenditures: $40 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (1999)
Capital Saint-Pierre name: Majuro


geographic coordinates: 7 05 N, 171 08 E


time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November; islands border typhoon belt
Coastline 120 km 370.4 km
Constitution 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) 1 May 1979
Country name conventional long form:
Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon

conventional short form:
Saint Pierre and Miquelon

local long form:
Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon

local short form:
Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
conventional long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands


conventional short form: Marshall Islands


local long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands


local short form: Marshall Islands


abbreviation: RMI


former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Marshall Islands District
Currency French franc (FRF); euro (EUR) -
Death rate 6.64 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 4.78 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external $NA $86.5 million (FY99/00 est.)
Dependency status self-governing territorial collectivity of France -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territorial collectivity of France) chief of mission: Ambassador Greta N. MORRIS


embassy: Oceanside, Mejen Weto, Long Island, Majuro


mailing address: P. O. Box 1379, Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands 96960-1379


telephone: [692] 247-4011


FAX: [692] 247-4012
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territorial collectivity of France) chief of mission: Ambassador Banny DE BRUM


chancery: 2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 234-5414


FAX: [1] (202) 232-3236


consulate(s) general: Honolulu
Disputes - international none claims US territory of Wake Island
Economic aid - recipient approximately $65 million in annual grants from France $51.1 million more than $1 billion from the US, 1986-2002
Economy - overview The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. US Government assistance is the mainstay of this tiny island economy. Agricultural production, primarily subsistence, is concentrated on small farms; the most important commercial crops are coconuts and breadfruit. Small-scale industry is limited to handicrafts, tuna processing, and copra. The tourist industry, now a small source of foreign exchange employing less than 10% of the labor force, remains the best hope for future added income. The islands have few natural resources, and imports far exceed exports. Under the terms of the Amended Compact of Free Association, the US will provide millions of dollars per year to the Marshall Islands (RMI) through 2023, at which time a Trust Fund made up of US and RMI contributions will begin perpetual annual payouts. Government downsizing, drought, a drop in construction, the decline in tourism and foreign investment due to the Asian financial difficulties, and less income from the renewal of fishing vessel licenses have held GDP growth to an average of 1% over the past decade.
Electricity - consumption 37.2 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 40 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Likiep 10 m
Environment - current issues NA inadequate supplies of potable water; pollution of Majuro lagoon from household waste and discharges from fishing vessels
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Basques and Bretons (French fishermen) Micronesian
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996) the US dollar is used
Executive branch chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Remi THUAU (since NA)

head of government:
President of the General Council Bernard LE SOAVEC (since NA 1996)

cabinet:
NA

elections:
French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 7 May 1995 (next to be held NA May 2002); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council
chief of state: President Kessai Hesa NOTE (since 5 January 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Kessai Hesa NOTE (since 5 January 2004)


cabinet: Cabinet selected by the president from among the members of the legislature


elections: president elected by Parliament from among its own members for a four-year term; election last held 17 November 2003 (next to be held November 2007)


election results: Kessai Hesa NOTE elected president; percent of Parliament vote - 100%
Exports $12 million (f.o.b., 1999) $9.1 million f.o.b. (2000)
Exports - commodities fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts copra cake, coconut oil, handicrafts, fish
Exports - partners US 43%, Egypt 14%, Japan 11%, Colombia 8% (1999) US, Japan, Australia, China (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 October - 30 September
Flag description a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with a black wave line under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the square into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one on top of the other; the flag of France is used for official occasions blue with two stripes radiating from the lower hoist-side corner - orange (top) and white; there is a white star with four large rays and 20 small rays on the hoist side above the two stripes
GDP purchasing power parity - $74 million (1996 est.); supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
agriculture: 31.7%


industry: 14.9%


services: 53.4% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1996 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% 3.5% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates 46 50 N, 56 20 W 9 00 N, 168 00 E
Geography - note vegetation scanty Bikini and Enewetak are former US nuclear test sites; Kwajalein, the famous World War II battleground, is used as a US missile test range; island city of Ebeye is the second largest settlement in the Marshall Islands, after the capital of Majuro, and one of the most densely populated locations in the Pacific
Highways total:
114 km

paved:
69 km

unpaved:
45 km (1994 est.)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports $55 million (f.o.b., 1999) $54.7 million f.o.b. (2000)
Imports - commodities meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels, beverages and tobacco
Imports - partners France 44%, Canada 40% (1999) US, Japan, Australia, NZ, Singapore, Fiji, China, Philippines (2004)
Independence none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763) 21 October 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA%
Industries fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism copra, tuna processing, tourism, craft items from seashells, wood, and pearls
Infant mortality rate 8.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 28.43 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 31.93 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 24.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.1% (1991-96 average) 3% (2005 est.)
International organization participation FZ, WFTU ACP, AsDB, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IFC, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km
Judicial branch Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel Supreme Court; High Court; Traditional Rights Court
Labor force 3,000 (1997) 14,680 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.) agriculture: 21.4%


industry: 20.9%


services: 57.7%
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land:
13%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
4%

other:
83% (1993 est.)
arable land: 11.11%


permanent crops: 44.44%


other: 44.45% (2005)
Languages French Marshallese 98.2%, other languages 1.8% (1999 census)


note: English widely spoken as a second language; both Marshallese and English are official languages
Legal system French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)

elections:
elections last held NA April 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA

note:
Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held 25 May-1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UDF 1
unicameral legislature or Nitijela (33 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 17 November 2003 (next to be held by November 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA


note: the Council of Chiefs or Ironij is a 12-member body comprised of tribal chiefs that advises on matters affecting customary law and practice
Life expectancy at birth total population:
77.77 years

male:
75.51 years

female:
80.13 years (2001 est.)
total population: 70.31 years


male: 68.33 years


female: 72.39 years (2006 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
99%

male:
99%

female:
99% (1982 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 93.7%


male: 93.6%


female: 93.7% (1999)
Location Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada) Oceania, two archipelagic island chains of 29 atolls, each made up of many small islets, and five single islands in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia
Map references North America Oceania
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) total: 795 ships (1000 GRT or over) 30,772,611 GRT/50,987,293 DWT


by type: barge carrier 2, bulk carrier 178, cargo 53, chemical tanker 133, container 147, liquefied gas 25, passenger 7, petroleum tanker 234, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 7, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 5


foreign-owned: 730 (Australia 2, Bermuda 4, Brazil 1, Canada 6, Chile 1, Croatia 2, Cyprus 15, Denmark 1, Finland 2, Germany 194, Greece 199, Hong Kong 7, Isle of Man 1, Italy 1, Japan 7, South Korea 1, Latvia 7, Monaco 8, Netherlands 1, Norway 65, Russia 1, Saudi Arabia 1, Singapore 6, Slovenia 3, Spain 3, Switzerland 13, Turkey 20, UAE 3, UK 12, US 143)


registered in other countries: 1 (North Korea 1) (2006)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches - no regular military forces; Marshall Islands Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure - NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) Constitution Day, 1 May (1979)
Nationality noun:
Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)

adjective:
French
noun: Marshallese (singular and plural)


adjective: Marshallese
Natural hazards persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard infrequent typhoons
Natural resources fish, deepwater ports coconut products, marine products, deep seabed minerals
Net migration rate -4.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -5.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Political parties and leaders Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA] traditionally there have been no formally organized political parties; what has existed more closely resembles factions or interest groups because they do not have party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures; the following two "groupings" have competed in legislative balloting in recent years - Aelon Kein Ad Party [Michael KABUA] and United Democratic Party or UDP [Litokwa TOMEING]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 6,928 (July 2001 est.) 60,422 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 0.43% (2001 est.) 2.25% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors Saint Pierre -
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0


note: additionally, the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Services (Central Pacific Network) operate one FM and one AM station on Kwajalein (2005)
Radios 4,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Roman Catholic 99% Protestant 54.8%, Assembly of God 25.8%, Roman Catholic 8.4%, Bukot nan Jesus 2.8%, Mormon 2.1%, other Christian 3.6%, other 1%, none 1.5% (1999 census)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.73 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.94 male(s)/female


total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
adequate

domestic:
NA

international:
radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system
general assessment: digital switching equipment; modern services include telex, cellular, internet, international calling, caller ID, and leased data circuits


domestic: Majuro Atoll and Ebeye and Kwajalein islands have regular, seven-digit, direct-dial telephones; other islands interconnected by high frequency radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) and mini-satellite telephones


international: country code - 692; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); US Government satellite communications system on Kwajalein (2001)
Telephones - main lines in use 4,000 (1997) 5,510 (2004)
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1994) 1,198 (2004)
Television broadcast stations 0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997) 2 (both are US military stations)


note: Marshalls Broadcasting Service (cable company) operates on Majuro (2005)
Terrain mostly barren rock low coral limestone and sand islands
Total fertility rate 2.12 children born/woman (2001 est.) 3.85 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate 9.8% (1997) 30.9% (2000 est.)
Waterways none -
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